50 QUESTION QUIZ 5 SHORT ANSWER 45 MULTI ANSWER

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Question 12 pts The conduct of some prosecutors before and during trial has generated a great deal of concern on ethical grounds as the practice of untruths in court “works”. According to your text, this is because there is not consistent enforcement of the legal and ethical rules of prosecutor conduct. What types of measures would remedy this type of conduct? Should the same measures be applied to defense attorneys as well? Explain your answer and give examples. View keyboard shortcuts p View keyboard shortcuts Accessibility Checker 0 words </> Switch to raw html editor   Flag this Question Question 22 pts A defense attorney’s job is to represent the legal rights of defendants; not to seek an acquittal. Group of answer choices True False   Flag this Question Question 32 pts A judge in New Jersey ruled that criminals may have their DNA samples destroyed after they complete their prison terms. If the judge had said, “this policy uses persons, via their DNA, as a means to protect society in the future,” Kant would have agreed with him. Group of answer choices True False   Flag this Question Question 42 pts Aristotle wrote disparagingly of attorney advocates who misrepresent the truth, making the guilty appear innocent. Group of answer choices True False   Flag this Question Question 52 pts In an effort to deter conduct of mob lawyers, the government has turned to ________ laws. Group of answer choices Mandatory sentencing Forfeiture White-collar crime Search and seizure   Flag this Question Question 62 pts Plea-bargaining is often justified by which ethical theory because an immediate and certain conviction/sentence is better than the uncertainty of going to a jury trial? Group of answer choices Formalism Utilitarianism Virtue ethics Moral relativism   Flag this Question Question 72 pts The prosecutor’s discretion is considerable in the manner in which the law can be enforced and adjudicated. For what have prosecutors garnered the greatest criticism? Group of answer choices Selective prosecution Minimum sentencing laws Plea-bargaining Failure to charge   Flag this Question Question 82 pts The scope of a prosecutor’s discretion continues to expand as the adoption of mandatory minimum sentence laws and truth-in-sentencing laws reduce a judge’s flexibility in sentencing choices. Group of answer choices True False   Flag this Question Question 92 pts What are the two important kinds of decisions that judges are required to make? Group of answer choices Rulings on evidence and sentence choices Rulings on evidence and courtroom security Plea bargains and sentence choices Jury selection and public defender salaries   Flag this Question Question 102 pts The textbook presents an argument that life imprisonment is actually a more severe sentence than the death penalty. This argument was made most persuasively by Cesare Beccaria in his 1764 book, An Essay on Crimes and Punishments. Beccaria argued, “It is not the terrible yet momentary spectacle of the death of a wretch, but the long and painful example of a man deprived of liberty . . . which is the strongest curb against crimes.” Compare Beccaria’s statement with the Formalistic view described in Chapter 8 regarding the death penalty used as a deterrent. View keyboard shortcuts p View keyboard shortcuts Accessibility Checker 0 words </> Switch to raw html editor   Flag this Question Question 112 pts According to Aristotle, punishment is necessary to maintain civil peace and protect individual liberties. Group of answer choices True False   Flag this Question Question 122 pts According to the Eighth Amendment, the method of death could constitute cruel and unusual punishment. Group of answer choices True False   Flag this Question Question 132 pts Formalism looks backward, basing punishment solely on the seriousness of the crime committed; utilitarianism looks forward, with punishment aimed at its deterrent impact in the future. Group of answer choices True False   Flag this Question Question 142 pts Sentencing guidelines attempt to reduce disparity in sentencing by recommending a “guideline sentence” based on ________ and ________. Group of answer choices Prison population and seriousness of the crime Prison population and the offender’s prior record Seriousness of the crime and the offender’s prior record Seriousness of the crime and victim impact statement   Flag this Question Question 152 pts Studies demonstrate that punishments such as whipping and paddling are successful deterrents to subsequent criminal behavior. Group of answer choices True False   Flag this Question Question 162 pts The only punishment rationale acceptable to formalist thinkers is retribution. Group of answer choices True False   Flag this Question Question 172 pts This occurs when offenders with similar histories commit similar crimes, but receive widely different sentences. Group of answer choices Sentencing revenge Sentencing variance Sentencing discrimination Sentencing disparity   Flag this Question Question 182 pts According to the discussion in the textbook, once an offender has served his or her sentence, it has been argued, the punishment has ended. Sex offender notification laws allow a criminal sentence to continue as long as the offender lives, thereby continuing to “punish” the ex-offender through civil restrictions. Court challenges have largely upheld this practice. Is there an alternative to the sex offender notification laws? If so, explain. If not, explain why the practice is necessary. View keyboard shortcuts p View keyboard shortcuts Accessibility Checker 0 words </> Switch to raw html editor   Flag this Question Question 192 pts The textbook describes Lockheed Martin Corporation’s ethics program that has been identified as a model. It contains several significant elements. Identify and discuss an additional component you would add to the existing five. Explain why the additional component is necessary and how it would be in keeping with the other five. View keyboard shortcuts p View keyboard shortcuts Accessibility Checker 0 words </> Switch to raw html editor   Flag this Question Question 202 pts A growing trend is to prosecute corporate officials for misconduct of the corporation. Group of answer choices True False   Flag this Question Question 212 pts According to Rushworth Kidder, founder of the Institute for Global Ethics, what ethical scenarios are the most difficult to resolve? Group of answer choices Right versus wrong Right versus right Wrong versus wrong Legal versus illegal   Flag this Question Question 222 pts Civil remedies seek monetary damages instead of punishment. Group of answer choices True False   Flag this Question Question 232 pts Blacklisting punishes ethical offenders by prohibiting them from participating in future business. Group of answer choices True False   Flag this Question Question 242 pts Conduct we accept from private individuals somehow becomes objectionable when it is done by public officials. What is this known as? Group of answer choices Blacklisting Scarcity mentality Double standard Unfair   Flag this Question Question 252 pts Corporate codes of ethics have been criticized for focusing on “right versus wrong” conduct instead of properly identifying “right versus right” dilemmas. Group of answer choices True False   Flag this Question Question 262 pts Kidder identifies four types of issues found in “right versus right” ethical dilemmas. Which of the following is not one of those issues? Group of answer choices Justice versus mercy Short term versus long term Truth versus loyalty Friend versus family   Flag this Question Question 272 pts In the model used as a benchmark for corporate ethics programs, all employees were required to attend annual ethics training. Group of answer choices True False   Flag this Question Question 282 pts One of the most common ethical mistakes related to corruption involves treating loyalty as a virtue. Group of answer choices True False   Flag this Question Question 292 pts Opponents of sex offender notification laws argue that availability of a convicted offender’s address may result in instances of vigilante behavior. Group of answer choices True False   Flag this Question Question 302 pts Repeat ethical offenders sometimes need a sanction that is a stronger deterrent than monetary compensation. What civil solution might appropriately deter future ethical violations? Group of answer choices Blacklisting Double standard Civil fines Imprisonment   Flag this Question Question 312 pts The U.S. Supreme Court recently ruled that it is unconstitutional to notify a community where a former sex offender lives. Group of answer choices True False   Flag this Question Question 322 pts This “right versus right” ethical issue involves weighing fairness and equity in applying the law with compassion, empathy and love. Group of answer choices Justice versus mercy Short term versus long term Individual versus community All of the above.   Flag this Question Question 332 pts What case has become a symbol of blaming large corporations with deep pockets for individual accidents? Group of answer choices The Royal Caribbean dumping case The McDonald’s coffee case The poisoned Tylenol case The Nutter Butter salmonella case   Flag this Question Question 342 pts What continuing civil penalty after a criminal sentence has been most hotly debated? Group of answer choices Civil commitment Probation Parole Sex offender notification laws   Flag this Question Question 352 pts What nongovernmental organization is dedicated to anticorruption activities? Group of answer choices Corruption Perceptions, Inc. Transnational Anticorruption, Ltd. Transparency International Lockheed Martin Corporation   Flag this Question Question 362 pts When a prosecutor urges the jury to “send a message” and sentence the defendant to death, he/she has created an individual versus community ethical issue. Group of answer choices True False   Flag this Question Question 372 pts Why are civil remedies used to correct ethical misconduct instead of criminal actions? Group of answer choices Lower burden of proof Higher burden of proof Potential for imprisonment Ease of case presentation   Flag this Question Question 382 pts According to the textbook, the American Pharmacists Association already has a policy that allows druggists to refuse to fill prescriptions if they object on moral grounds, but they must make arrangements for the patient to obtain the prescription somewhere else. How does this scenario compare to recent developments in the U.S. Supreme Court’s decision regarding same-sex marriage and vendors refusing to accommodate these couples? View keyboard shortcuts p View keyboard shortcuts Accessibility Checker 0 words </> Switch to raw html editor   Flag this Question Question 392 pts How would you assess the moral permissibility of the two types of end-of-life assistance by physicians discussed in the textbook? To what extent should the desires of the patient be controlling? Do you agree with the current decisions of the courts in this matter? Why or why not? View keyboard shortcuts p View keyboard shortcuts Accessibility Checker 0 words </> Switch to raw html editor   Flag this Question Question 402 pts A person who cannot go a day without speaking ill of others has a character problem. Group of answer choices True False   Flag this Question Question 412 pts As individuals become more interdependent, ethical dilemmas will become increasingly complex. Group of answer choices True False   Flag this Question Question 422 pts In his book, The Lucifer Effect, psychologist Phillip Zimbardo suggests that the abuses at the Abu Ghraib prison were the result of a bad social setting that contaminated the individual prison guard. What would Kant say about the difficulty of ethical conduct in the face of situation pressure to be unethical? Group of answer choices Unethical behavior is a natural result of peer pressure. Ethical people endure, despite the situation, since they follow specific rules. If the guards were better instructed by their leaders, this would not have happened. It is better to conform that to risk retaliation at the hands of supervisors.   Flag this Question Question 432 pts In his book, The Lucifer Effect, psychologist Phillip Zimbardo suggests that the abuses at the Abu Ghraib prison were the result of a bad social setting that contaminated the individual. Group of answer choices True False   Flag this Question Question 442 pts In the context of life and death decisions, there is a distinction between killing and letting die. Which of the following is classified as letting die? Group of answer choices Physician assisted suicide Prescribing enough of a medication to allow the patient to overdose Euthanasia Removing a patient from life support   Flag this Question Question 452 pts In the last chapter, Albanese discusses the Unabomber’s manifesto and the publication dilemma faced by the New York Times and the Washington Post. Both papers published the 35,000 word segment and split the cost. What was their justification? Group of answer choices There was a reasonable probability that lives would be saved. Publication served the apparent goods of good music, fine wine, and excellent press. Succumbing to terrorists is a good universal rule. Publication preserved relationships between the Unabomber, the victims, and the country.   Flag this Question Question 462 pts Moral conviction is not a matter of personal taste; it is a matter of judgment and action according to objective principles. Group of answer choices True False   Flag this Question Question 472 pts Simple methods are sometimes used to remember the meaning of ethics in everyday decisions. Which of the following is an example of such a method? Group of answer choices D-Y-N-A-M-I-T-E E-T-H-I-C-S M-O-R-A-L-S N-O-B-E-L   Flag this Question Question 482 pts The ethical bar will rise in the future because ________. Group of answer choices more people will have a college degree more ethical systems will be developed decisions will impact more people None of the above.   Flag this Question Question 492 pts What is the 24-hour test? Group of answer choices A way to determine what ethical system you subscribe to. A good way to begin a baseline ethical test for yourself. A method for assessing misplaced loyalty. A formula for determining how effective a blacklisting sanction is.   Flag this Question Question 502 pts What phenomenon describes a situation where individuals see life as a finite pie: if person A gets a big piece of pie, it means less for person B, thus making it difficult to be genuinely happy for those who perform well. Group of answer choices Scarcity mentality Blacklisting Finite resources Selfishness